Santa Bárbara Castle, majestically perched atop Mount Benacantil in the heart of Alicante, Spain, is a fortress that offers a breathtaking journey through history, architecture, and panoramic vistas. This imposing structure, known locally as Castillo de Santa Bárbara, stands 167 meters above sea level, providing an unparalleled vantage point over the bay of Alicante and its surrounding landscapes. The rocky outcrop on which the castle sits is affectionately known as La Cara del Moro (The Moor's Face) due to its profile resembling a human face when viewed from the beach, making it an iconic symbol of the city.
The origins of Santa Bárbara Castle are steeped in ancient history. Archaeological finds on its slopes indicate human presence dating back to the Bronze Age, as well as Iberian and Roman periods. However, the fortress as we know it today began to take shape in the late 9th century during the Muslim domination of the Iberian Peninsula.
The castle was named after Saint Barbara because it was captured from the Moors by Prince Alfonso of Castile, the future King Alfonso X the Wise, on December 4, 1248, the feast day of Saint Barbara. Over the centuries, the castle has witnessed numerous battles and sieges, reflecting the turbulent history of the region. In 1296, James II of Aragon took possession of the castle and ordered its renovation. Later, in the 14th century, Peter IV of Aragon further strengthened its defenses.
Significant modifications and expansions were carried out during the reign of King Charles I in the early 16th century. However, it was under the rule of King Philip II that the castle underwent its most extensive transformation. Between 1562 and 1580, under the direction of architects Juan Bautista Antonelli and Giacomo Palearo El Fratín, the castle was fortified and many of the structures we see today were constructed.
The castle endured heavy bombardments by the French fleet in 1691 and saw action during the War of Spanish Succession (1706-1709), when it was briefly held by the English. The last military engagement at the castle occurred in 1873, during the Cantonal Rebellion, when the rebel frigate Numancia bombarded the city and the castle. The fortress was finally disarmed in 1893.
Today, Santa Bárbara Castle is divided into three distinct enclosures, each representing different periods of its history. The highest enclosure, known as La Torreta, is home to the oldest remnants of the fortress, including the ruins of the old keep. Visitors can explore the Baluarte de los Ingleses (Bastion of the English), the Engineer's Park, the Noble Hall, and the Governor's House. The highest esplanade, known as the Macho del Castillo, once housed the ancient citadel.
The intermediate enclosure, completed in 1580, contains the most important structures of the castle. Here, visitors can find the Hall of Philip II, the former troop quarters, the expansive Parade Ground, the ruins of the Hermitage of Santa Bárbara, and the Guard Corps. The Baluarte de la Reina (Queen's Bastion) is also located in this area.
The lowest enclosure, dating from the 18th century, includes the Revellín del Bon Repós, which now serves as a parking area. This area is also home to a monument dedicated to Félix Berenguer de Marquina, a notable military figure from Alicante who served as Captain General of the Philippines and Viceroy of New Spain. The grand white marble coat of arms (18th century) over the entrance to the second enclosure once adorned the Royal Consulate of the Sea, a building destroyed by an explosion.
Within the castle's walls lies the Alicante Museum of the City (MUSA), which comprises five exhibition halls that provide a comprehensive overview of the city's history. The museum is complemented by a Renaissance cistern, adding to the historical ambiance of the castle.
Visitors to Santa Bárbara Castle can also see the marks and engravings left by prisoners held during the Spanish Civil War, when the fortress served as a prison for both Nationalist and Republican captives. The castle functioned as a Francoist concentration camp until the end of 1939.
After years of abandonment, Santa Bárbara Castle was opened to the public in 1963. To facilitate access, two elevators were installed within the mountain, covering a vertical distance of 142.70 meters. The entrance to the elevators is through a tunnel 204.83 meters long, which begins on Jovellanos Avenue, opposite Postiguet Beach.
Today, Santa Bárbara Castle is not only a historical monument but also a cultural hub, hosting various events, exhibitions, and activities throughout the year. Its strategic location, rich history, and stunning views make it a must-visit destination for anyone traveling to Alicante. Whether you're a history enthusiast, a culture seeker, or simply looking for a place to enjoy breathtaking panoramas, Santa Bárbara Castle offers an unforgettable experience that captures the essence of Alicante's heritage.
Get your Tickets now!
With myCityHunt you can discover thousands of cities around the world in exciting scavenger hunts, treasure hunts and escape games!
myCityHunt vouchers are the perfect gift for many occasions! Surprise your friends and family with this extraordinary event gift. myCityHunt gift vouchers are valid for 2 years from the date of purchase and can be used within this period for a freely selectable city and tour from the myCityHunt portfolio.
Buy Gift Vouchers
