Church of St Mary

In the heart of Aylesbury, the Church of St Mary the Virgin stands as a testament to centuries of history and architectural evolution. This magnificent Anglican church, part of the Diocese of Oxford, is not just a place of worship but a landmark that has witnessed the ebb and flow of time since its earliest days in the Saxon period. Its ornate clock tower, a beacon over the town, invites visitors to explore its storied past and architectural beauty.

The Saxon Roots

The origins of the Church of St Mary can be traced back to Saxon times, around the year 571, when Aylesbury was known as Aeglesburge. During renovations in the 19th century, remnants of an ancient crypt were unearthed, revealing stone steps and a prominent Saxon arch. This crypt may have served as a place of worship in turbulent times, later becoming a charnel house where piles of human bones were found and respectfully re-interred in the churchyard. Legend has it that this site could have been where St. Osyth was buried in the 9th century, adding a layer of mystery to its historical significance.

The Norman Influence

Fast forward to the 12th century, and you find evidence of Norman influence within the church's architecture. The beautiful Norman font, discovered in fragments and lovingly restored, is a highlight of the church's interior. This font has given its name to a style known as the Aylesbury Fonts, dating back to the late 12th century. The church was a prebend of Lincoln Cathedral as early as 1092, and during this time, it became part of the Deanery of Lincoln, marking its importance in ecclesiastical history.

The Medieval Marvel

The church we see today began to take shape between 1200 and 1250, with a cruciform design featuring a chancel, nave, transepts, and tower. Over the centuries, it has undergone various additions and alterations. The 14th-century Lady Chapel is a particularly beautiful feature, with its old sedilia found in their original positions. As the church evolved, so did its role within the community, serving as a meeting place, a venue for mystery plays, and even a hall for banquets and fairs.

The 15th Century Transformations

The 15th century brought significant changes, including the founding of the Guild of St Mary by John Kemp, Archbishop of York. Known as the Guild of Our Lady, it became a hub for local dignitaries and played a role in the political intrigues of the Wars of the Roses. The church's tower piers, which began to fail, were strengthened, and various arches were reinforced or walled up. The sacristy, now the vestry, was constructed during this period, with its strong locker and oaken wardrobe still present today.

The Tudor Touch

In the 16th century, the church became part of the newly formed Church of England under King Henry VIII. The king's influence extended to Aylesbury, making it the official county town over Buckingham. This era saw the church's expansion, with Protestant-influenced forms of worship introduced under King Edward VI. The alabaster monument to Lady Lee, wife of Sir Henry Lee, personal Champion to Queen Elizabeth I, is a notable feature from this time, showcasing the church's connection to the Tudor court.

A Living Legacy

Today, the Church of St Mary the Virgin is a Grade I listed building, recognized for its exceptional interest. Its architecture is a tapestry of styles, reflecting the various periods it has lived through. From the Saxon crypt to the Norman font, the medieval chapels to the Tudor monuments, each element tells a story of Aylesbury's past. Visitors can explore the church's rich history, marvel at its architectural beauty, and perhaps feel the presence of those who walked its halls centuries ago.

Whether you're a history enthusiast, an architecture aficionado, or simply someone seeking a moment of reflection, the Church of St Mary offers a unique glimpse into the past. Its walls have witnessed the unfolding of history, and its timeless presence continues to be a cherished part of Aylesbury's cultural heritage.