San Sebastiano

The Basilica of San Sebastiano, known locally as Basilica di San Sebastiano, is a gem nestled in the heart of Biella, Italy. This stunning example of Renaissance architecture offers a captivating journey through history, art, and spirituality. Whether you are a history buff, an art enthusiast, or simply a curious traveler, San Sebastiano promises an enriching experience.

The History of San Sebastiano

The story of San Sebastiano dates back to the late 15th century when the Lateran Congregation moved to Biella in 1498-1499. The basilica was commissioned by Sebastiano Ferrero, the General of Finance at the court of the House of Savoy. Construction began in 1504 and continued until 1551, taking nearly half a century to complete. The facade, however, remained unfinished until the 19th century, adding a layer of intrigue to this historical edifice.

Built in the shape of a Latin cross, the basilica is a quintessential example of Renaissance architecture. The central nave is covered by a barrel vault, while the side aisles feature cross vaults. The 51-meter-high bell tower, topped with an octagonal spire, is a prominent feature that can be seen from afar, inviting visitors to explore the treasures within.

Artistic Marvels Inside San Sebastiano

As you step inside San Sebastiano, you are greeted by a plethora of artistic masterpieces. The basilica is home to exquisite paintings by renowned Piedmontese artists. One of the highlights is the fresco of the prophet Daniel in the dome's pendentives, painted by Rodolfo Morgari in 1866. Another notable artwork is the Pentittico by Defendente Ferrari, which depicts the Madonna and Child with Saints, the Annunciation, and Saint Augustine, painted in 1579 by Raffaele Giovenone.

The Renaissance influence is evident in the grotesque motifs adorning the frescoes. The chapel dedicated to the Madonna of Oropa houses two remarkable paintings of Saint Bartholomew and Saint Dominic, attributed to Boniforte Oldoni. The wooden choir, crafted by Gerolamo de Mellis, is a masterpiece in itself, featuring bronze and Limoges ceramic plaques from the 13th century.

The Lanino Polyptych and Sculptural Wonders

One of the most celebrated artworks in the basilica is the Polyptych of the Assumption by Bernardino Lanino, created in 1543. This magnificent piece is housed in the chapel on the right side of the basilica, drawing visitors with its intricate details and vibrant colors.

The basilica also boasts several notable sculptures. Among them is the statue of Giovanna Bertiè Mathew, the wife of Alfonso La Marmora, sculpted by Odoardo Tabacchi in 1877. Nearby, you will find the bust of Alberto La Marmora, crafted by Vincenzo Vela. Tabacchi also created the statues of Charity, Faith, and Hope, which adorn the La Marmora family monument.

The Majestic Organ

No visit to San Sebastiano would be complete without admiring the majestic organ. Installed in 1926 by the Scolari brothers from Bolzano Novarese, the organ was restored and modified in 1978 by Giuseppe Marzi from San Maurizio d'Opaglio. With 23 nominal registers distributed between two keyboards and a pedalboard, the organ fills the basilica with its rich, resonant tones, enhancing the spiritual ambiance.

The Monastery and the Biellese Museum

Adjacent to the basilica is the Monastery of San Sebastiano, which has served various purposes over the centuries, including as a barracks and a warehouse. Today, it houses the Biellese Museum, where visitors can explore artifacts from a Roman necropolis, ceramics, and paintings. The museum also serves as a cultural center, hosting art exhibitions and conferences, making it a vibrant hub of activity in Biella.

In conclusion, the Basilica of San Sebastiano is not just a place of worship; it is a testament to the rich cultural and artistic heritage of Biella. Its walls echo the stories of centuries past, while its artworks and sculptures offer a glimpse into the Renaissance era's artistic brilliance. Whether you are seeking spiritual solace, historical insights, or artistic inspiration, San Sebastiano is a destination that promises to leave a lasting impression. So, when you find yourself in Biella, make sure to set aside time to explore this architectural and cultural treasure.