Les Sitges de Burjassot

Les Sitges de Burjassot, also known locally as the Patio de los Silos, is a captivating historical site nestled in the heart of Burjassot, a town in the Huerta Norte region of Valencia, Spain. This monumental ensemble of grain silos, designed to store wheat for the residents of Valencia and its surrounding areas, offers a unique glimpse into the agricultural and economic history of the region.

The History of Les Sitges de Burjassot

The origins of Les Sitges de Burjassot date back to the 16th century when the city of Valencia faced significant challenges in securing a stable wheat supply. The Kingdom of Valencia was largely dependent on wheat imports from the Kingdoms of Castile and Aragon, which themselves experienced periodic shortages due to poor harvests. To mitigate this issue, the Valencian government (the Consell) decided to experiment with constructing silos to store large quantities of wheat imported from Sicily by sea.

In 1573, the Consell commissioned the stonemason Sancho de Camino to build three experimental silos on a small limestone hill near Burjassot. The site was strategically chosen for its slightly elevated position and the properties of the limestone, which were ideal for preserving wheat over extended periods. The experiment proved successful, leading to the construction of additional silos in subsequent years. By 1806, under the reign of Charles IV, the site had expanded to include 47 silos, along with surface warehouses, a well, a paved terrace, a cross, and a protective wall.

Although the silos ceased to function as grain storage facilities in 1931, they have since become a symbol of Burjassot's identity. Today, Les Sitges de Burjassot stands as a testament to the ingenuity and foresight of the region's historical planners.

The Structure and Style of Les Sitges de Burjassot

The most striking feature of Les Sitges de Burjassot is the semi-spherical stone covers (locally known as piló) that cap each silo. These covers are arranged irregularly across a trapezoidal paved courtyard measuring approximately 75 meters on each side. The mouths of the silos have an internal diameter of about 60 centimeters, and each cover is engraved with two numbers: one indicating the silo number and the other denoting its capacity in cahíces, a traditional unit of measure. The capacities of the silos vary, ranging from 150 to 1,278 cahíces.

At the center of the courtyard stands a Renaissance-style cross mounted on a column, which in turn rests on a pedestal. This cross adds a touch of architectural elegance to the site, symbolizing the historical and religious significance of the area.

Adjacent to the courtyard is the Hermitage of San Roque and the Virgen de la Cabeza, the patron saints of Burjassot. This hermitage, which dates back to the same period as the original silos, adds a spiritual dimension to the site. Nearby, visitors can also find a well from 1795 and several auxiliary warehouses, originally known as botigas but commonly referred to as embarronats due to the iron (originally wooden) bars that enclose their porches.

Curiosities and Facts

While Les Sitges de Burjassot is located within the municipality of Burjassot, the site is actually owned by the City Council of Valencia. In 1975, the use of the silos was officially transferred to the Burjassot City Council. The silos were declared a National Historic-Artistic Monument in 1982, further cementing their cultural and historical importance.

Two notable books have been published about the monument: Los Silos de Burjassot by Roberto Blanes Andrés and Los Silos de Burjassot: el granero de Valencia by Luis Manuel Expósito Navarro. These works provide in-depth insights into the history and significance of the silos, making them valuable resources for anyone interested in learning more about this unique site.

Visiting Les Sitges de Burjassot

Exploring Les Sitges de Burjassot is a journey through time, offering visitors a chance to connect with the region's agricultural heritage. The serene courtyard, with its stone covers and central cross, provides a peaceful setting for reflection and appreciation of historical ingenuity. The nearby hermitage and auxiliary buildings add to the site's charm, making it a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts and casual tourists alike.

Whether you're drawn to the architectural beauty, the historical significance, or the tranquil atmosphere, Les Sitges de Burjassot promises an enriching experience. As you wander through the courtyard and explore the surrounding structures, you'll gain a deeper understanding of the challenges and triumphs that shaped the region's past.

In conclusion, Les Sitges de Burjassot is more than just a collection of silos; it is a symbol of resilience, innovation, and community. Its walls and stones tell stories of a bygone era, inviting visitors to step back in time and discover the rich tapestry of Valencia's history. So, if you find yourself in Burjassot, don't miss the opportunity to visit this remarkable site and immerse yourself in its fascinating legacy.