Palazzo Pretorio

Nestled in the heart of Empoli, the Palazzo Pretorio stands as a testament to the town's rich historical tapestry. This ancient palace, known locally as Palazzo pretorio, is situated at the southeast corner of the picturesque Piazza Farinata degli Uberti, close to the Collegiate Church of Sant'Andrea. Today, it houses several municipal services and an auditorium, continuing to serve the community as it has for centuries.

The Historical Significance of Palazzo Pretorio

The origins of Palazzo Pretorio are shrouded in mystery, with its early history tracing back to the mid-11th century. Initially, it may have been constructed alongside the pieve, later known as the Collegiate Church of Sant'Andrea. However, the first concrete evidence of its existence dates to the 14th century, a time when Empoli had transitioned from the control of the Guidi Counts to the Commune of Florence.

In the 15th century, the Florentine Republic installed its representatives, known as Podestà or Vicars, within the Palazzo. These officials would adorn the exterior walls with their coats of arms, intricately carved in stone or molded in terracotta, detailing the years of their tenure. This decorative tradition bestowed a distinctive character upon the building, reminiscent of other Pretorian Palaces, such as the one in Certaldo.

Architectural Marvels of Palazzo Pretorio

The medieval structure of Palazzo Pretorio was robust and cubic, featuring stone walls and likely comprising two floors. A surviving segment of a pointed arch, crafted from exposed brick and adorned with geometric designs typical of Lucca and Siena's 14th-century architecture, offers a glimpse into its past grandeur. This arch once crowned a lowered archway that marked the entrance, which, in 1497, was enhanced with a splendid wooden door, courtesy of the Podestà Cherichino di Matteo Cherichini.

The interior was thoughtfully designed, with a large ground-floor hall for civil administration meetings and upper floors serving as the residence of the Podestà and his entourage. The basement housed the prisons, which were later repurposed during the Napoleonic era as rentable rooms.

The Madonna degli Ebrei

One of the most intriguing aspects of Palazzo Pretorio is the Madonna degli Ebrei, a glazed terracotta statue crafted by the workshop of Andrea della Robbia. This artwork, depicting the Madonna and Child, was originally housed in a terracotta tabernacle on the palace's facade. The creation of this piece is steeped in history, as it was commissioned following an incident involving Zaccaria di Isacco, a banker from the local Jewish community.

In 1518, the banker allegedly (though perhaps unintentionally) disposed of waste onto the canopy of a Corpus Domini procession. The ensuing uproar prompted the then-Pretore, Domenico Parigi, to impose a fine on Zaccaria, which funded the creation of this public artwork. Parigi's diplomatic handling of the situation averted potential violence against the Jewish community, showcasing his wisdom and foresight.

Exploring Palazzo Pretorio Today

Today, visitors to Palazzo Pretorio can marvel at its historical significance and architectural beauty. The palace's facade, once adorned with numerous coats of arms, now presents a more subdued appearance due to the removal of these symbols during the Napoleonic era. However, the building's charm remains undiminished, with its warm hues and traditional Tuscan style inviting exploration and admiration.

Inside, the auditorium hosts a variety of events, from cultural performances to community gatherings, breathing new life into this ancient structure. As you wander through its halls, imagine the bustling activity of centuries past, when the palace was the epicenter of political and social life in Empoli.

The Legacy of Francesco Ferrucci

Palazzo Pretorio is also linked to the legacy of Francesco Ferrucci, a key figure in Florentine history. Appointed as the Commissioner of Empoli in 1528, Ferrucci played a crucial role during the Siege of Florence. Recognizing Empoli's strategic importance, he fortified the banks of the Arno River to ensure the supply of provisions to Florence and assembled a small yet determined army.

Ferrucci's efforts to lower the medieval towers of Empoli's walls, which had become obsolete against 16th-century artillery, demonstrated his strategic acumen. His connection to Palazzo Pretorio adds another layer of historical intrigue to this fascinating building.

In conclusion, Palazzo Pretorio is not just a building; it is a living monument to the history and culture of Empoli. Its walls have witnessed centuries of change, from medieval power struggles to the Napoleonic era and beyond. As you explore this remarkable palace, let its stories transport you back in time, offering a glimpse into the vibrant past of this charming Tuscan town.