St. John the Evangelist Catholic Church

St. John the Evangelist Catholic Church in Frederick, Maryland, stands as a testament to the rich history and enduring faith of the local Catholic community. This historic parish, founded in 1763, is not only the first Catholic church in Frederick County but also a remarkable example of Greek Revival architecture. Nestled in the heart of the Frederick Historic District, this church has witnessed centuries of change and growth, making it a must-visit for history enthusiasts and spiritual seekers alike.

A Journey Through Time

The origins of St. John the Evangelist Catholic Church date back to a time when the practice of Catholicism was restricted by British penal laws. In 1763, the first Catholic worship space was established in a modest brick house on Second Street. This humble beginning marked the start of a vibrant Catholic community in Frederick County. The Jesuits, who initially administered the parish, played a crucial role in its early development, despite facing suppression by the pope in 1773.

The repeal of the Penal Laws in 1776 and the establishment of the Diocese of Baltimore by Pope Pius VI paved the way for the growth of the parish. Under the leadership of Rev. John DuBois, construction of a new church building began in 1800. Although this structure was later demolished, its cornerstone, rediscovered in 1904, remains a cherished relic at the church entrance.

The Architectural Marvel

The current church building, completed in 1837, is a stunning example of Greek Revival architecture. Designed by local architect John Tien, the church's façade is adorned with Ionic order pilasters, exuding a sense of classical elegance. The cruciform floor plan, extending 104 feet in length and 94 feet in width, takes the shape of a Latin cross, symbolizing the church's deep-rooted Christian heritage.

One of the most striking features of the church's façade is the pediment, which contains an 11-foot-tall relief of St. John the Evangelist. Flanked by an eagle and an angel holding a tablet inscribed with the Latin phrases in principio erat verbum and et verbum caro factum est, meaning in the beginning was the Word...and the Word became flesh, this relief is a powerful visual representation of the Gospel of John.

The church's square bell tower, completed in 1857, is another architectural highlight. Consisting of three one-story telescoping sections and topped by a gold cupola and finial cross, the tower rises to a height of 145 feet, making St. John the Evangelist the tallest building in Frederick. This towering structure serves as a beacon of faith and a landmark in the city skyline.

Exploring the Interior

Stepping inside St. John the Evangelist Catholic Church is like entering a sacred sanctuary filled with artistic and spiritual treasures. In celebration of the church's 75th anniversary in 1912, a magnificent painting of the Ascension of Jesus was commissioned by Severino Baraldi. This painting, located in the center of the ceiling, replaced an earlier IHS Christogram surrounded by six cherubim, adding a vibrant touch to the church's interior.

Another notable artwork within the church is the painting of the Crucifixion by Pietro Gagliardi, added in 1843. This evocative piece captures the solemnity and significance of Christ's sacrifice. The high altar, constructed of Egyptian and Italian marble, stands as a testament to the craftsmanship and devotion of the parish community.

The church's 17-foot-tall windows, each peaked with a bust of St. John the Evangelist, allow natural light to flood the interior, creating a serene and contemplative atmosphere. These windows, along with the Stations of the Cross donated by Bishop Andrew Byrne of Little Rock in 1845, provide a visual journey through the Passion of Christ.

A Place of Historical Significance

Throughout its history, St. John the Evangelist Catholic Church has played a significant role in the community and beyond. During the Civil War, the church was repurposed as a jail for captured Confederate soldiers, highlighting its adaptability and resilience. The Jesuit involvement in the church, which ended in 1902, left a lasting legacy of spiritual guidance and education.

Adjacent to the church is the Visitation Academy of Frederick, further emphasizing the parish's commitment to education and community service. The nearby St. John's Cemetery, founded in 1845, serves as a resting place for many of the parish's faithful, adding to the church's historical and spiritual significance.

In conclusion, St. John the Evangelist Catholic Church is not just a place of worship; it is a living monument to the enduring faith and resilience of the Catholic community in Frederick. Its rich history, stunning architecture, and spiritual treasures make it a must-visit destination for anyone exploring the heart of Maryland. Whether you are a history buff, an architecture enthusiast, or a spiritual seeker, a visit to St. John the Evangelist Catholic Church promises a journey through time, faith, and beauty.