International Wind- and Watermill Museum

Nestled in the picturesque landscape of Lower Saxony, Germany, the International Wind- and Watermill Museum in Gifhorn (Internationales Wind- und Wassermühlen-Museum) offers a unique and captivating glimpse into the world of traditional milling. Spanning over 15 hectares, this open-air museum showcases an impressive collection of windmills and watermills from various countries, each set in a landscape reminiscent of its origin. This makes the museum a one-of-a-kind destination in Europe, attracting visitors from around the globe.

A Vision Takes Shape

The story of the International Wind- and Watermill Museum begins with Horst Wrobel, the museum's founder. In 1965, during a trip to Elm in Abbenrode, Wrobel stumbled upon an old post mill still in operation. This discovery sparked a passion for wind and watermills, leading him to build a scale model of the mill and collect extensive material on milling. In 1974, he established a private museum in Suhlendorf, showcasing his growing collection of mill models. However, Wrobel's vision extended beyond a private collection. He dreamed of creating a larger-scale institution, and in 1977, with the support of the Gifhorn district, this vision began to take shape.

Construction and Grand Opening

Extensive groundwork commenced in 1977, transforming the landscape with the help of bulldozers and dredgers. The creation of numerous ditches, ponds, and the five-hectare Mill Lake not only enhanced the aesthetic appeal but also served practical purposes, such as flood control and water regulation for the Ise River. The first structures to emerge were the exhibition hall and three mills: a Dutch smock mill, a post mill, and a Tyrolean watermill. The museum officially opened its doors on May 8, 1980, marking the beginning of a new chapter in the preservation and celebration of milling heritage.

The Heart of the Museum

At the core of the museum is an 800-square-meter exhibition hall, housing a fascinating array of milling artifacts. Visitors can explore 49 meticulously crafted miniature models of wind and watermills from 20 different countries. These models provide insights into how people harnessed wind and water power to perform arduous tasks before the advent of steam engines. The exhibition hall serves as a testament to human ingenuity and the evolution of milling technology over the centuries.

The Village Square

The village square is the centerpiece of the open-air museum, featuring a charming ensemble of three half-timbered houses arranged in a traditional Rundlingsdorf (circular village) style. The Bakehouse, built in 1983, is a spacious hall house that can accommodate around 250 guests. The Brothaus, constructed in 1985, is a replica of a historic bakehouse from a nearby farm. Here, visitors can purchase freshly baked bread and cakes made in wood-fired stone ovens using traditional recipes. The Trachtenhaus, completed in 1990, offers a glimpse into historical architecture with its old bakery and restaurant, capable of hosting up to 500 guests. Dominating the village square is the International Mill Tree, a towering 30-meter pole adorned with the coats of arms of all the mills represented in the museum, along with wood carvings depicting milling motifs.

Exploring the Full-Scale Mills

The museum grounds are home to 13 full-scale mills, each with its own unique history and charm. The German Bergholländer-Mühle, originally built in 1848 in Westdorf, stands as a testament to advanced milling technology, featuring an automatic wind rose and adjustable louvers. The Tyrolean watermill, dating back approximately 300 years, showcases traditional craftsmanship with its massive larch logs and two overshot water wheels. The German post mill Viktoria, hailing from the nearby village of Osloß, represents a classic example of a millhouse mounted on a trestle, allowing it to be rotated to face the wind.

International Highlights

The museum's international collection includes the Greek windmill Irini, a striking white tower mill with twelve sail blades, modeled after those found on the island of Mykonos. The Ukrainian windmill Natascha, inaugurated in 1988 in the presence of the Soviet Consul General, symbolizes positive diplomatic relations. This mill features a blockhouse-style base made from pine and spruce logs, adorned with intricate carvings. The Hungarian Danube ship mill Julischka, built in 1989, offers a unique glimpse into river-based milling, with its twin wooden boats and central paddle wheel.

A Living Legacy

The International Wind- and Watermill Museum is not just a static display of historical artifacts; it is a living, breathing testament to the ingenuity and resilience of millers throughout history. The museum underwent significant renovations and a conceptual overhaul before reopening in May 2023, ensuring that it continues to educate and inspire future generations. With its captivating exhibits, idyllic setting, and rich history, the International Wind- and Watermill Museum in Gifhorn is a must-visit destination for anyone interested in the cultural heritage of milling.

Whether you're a history enthusiast, a lover of traditional craftsmanship, or simply looking for a unique and educational outing, the International Wind- and Watermill Museum promises an unforgettable experience. Wander through the scenic grounds, marvel at the intricate mill models, and immerse yourself in the fascinating world of wind and watermills. This hidden gem in Lower Saxony is a celebration of human innovation and a tribute to the timeless art of milling.