Hexenturm

The Hexenturm, or Witch Tower, in Jülich, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, stands as a proud testament to the town's rich medieval history. Known locally as Hexenturm Jülich, this iconic structure is the only remaining city gate of the original medieval fortifications and serves as a symbolic landmark for the town. Located on the eastern side of Walramplatz, the Hexenturm is a must-visit for history enthusiasts and casual tourists alike.

The Architecture of Hexenturm

The Hexenturm is a quintessential example of Gothic architecture, specifically the double-tower gatehouse type. Its robust stone masonry, constructed from rough-hewn stones, provides a glimpse into the architectural techniques of the early 14th century when it was originally built. The towers rise to a height of 12.75 meters, with walls ranging from 1.60 to 2.30 meters in thickness, ensuring its formidable presence.

The gate's passageway, measuring 4.70 meters in width and 5.20 meters in height, is equipped with grooves for a portcullis, a feature that underscores its defensive purpose. Additionally, the Hexenturm boasts 17 crossbow loopholes, further emphasizing its role in the town's fortifications. Originally, the towers were crowned with battlemented platforms, which were replaced with onion domes in the 17th century. These domes were faithfully restored during the 1964 renovation, preserving the historical aesthetic of the structure.

A Journey Through History

The Hexenturm, initially known as the Rurtor or Rur Gate, was one of three or four gates in Jülich's medieval city wall. Its various names over the centuries, including Porta Rurae, Gefangenenthürn, and Hessenturm, reflect its evolving functions. By the 18th century, it had acquired the name Hexenturm, a moniker that evokes a sense of mystery and intrigue. Despite its name, historical records indicate that only a few witch trials took place in Jülich.

Constructed in the early 14th century, the Hexenturm was integral to the town's defense. The presence of loopholes, a portcullis, and openings for the guard walkway all highlight its military significance. Over the centuries, the tower also served as a prison for the main and criminal court of the Duchy of Jülich, adding another layer to its storied past.

The Hexenturm endured significant damage during World War II, with much of Jülich being almost completely destroyed. Initial stabilization efforts took place between 1949 and 1952, followed by a more extensive restoration from 1961 to 1964. During this period, the onion domes from the 17th century were meticulously reconstructed, ensuring the tower's historical integrity.

Illuminating the Hexenturm

Since October 29, 2005, the Hexenturm has been illuminated by a light installation funded by donations. This LIGHT(!)project features 22 lights on both sides of the tower, casting a magical glow over the structure in the evenings and winter mornings. The Hexenturm marks the beginning of a planned light path through the town center, leading to the Citadel, creating a captivating visual experience for visitors.

Exploring the Hexenturm

For those visiting Jülich, the Hexenturm offers a fascinating glimpse into the town's medieval past. The tower's imposing presence and well-preserved architectural features transport visitors back to a time of knights and fortresses. Although the town's historical museum, which was housed in the Hexenturm until 2006, has since relocated, the tower itself remains a compelling attraction.

As you stroll through the gate's passageway, imagine the bustling activity that once took place within its walls. Picture the guards stationed at the loopholes, ever vigilant against potential threats. The Hexenturm stands as a silent witness to centuries of history, its stone walls echoing the stories of those who lived and worked within its shadow.

A Symbol of Resilience

The Hexenturm is more than just a historical monument; it is a symbol of Jülich's resilience and enduring spirit. Despite the ravages of war and the passage of time, the tower has been lovingly preserved and restored, ensuring that future generations can appreciate its historical significance. Whether you are a history buff, an architecture enthusiast, or simply a curious traveler, the Hexenturm is a captivating destination that offers a unique window into the past.

In conclusion, the Hexenturm in Jülich is a remarkable structure that embodies the town's rich history and architectural heritage. Its imposing towers, Gothic design, and storied past make it an unmissable attraction for anyone visiting North Rhine-Westphalia. As you stand before the Hexenturm, take a moment to reflect on the centuries of history that have unfolded within its walls, and let yourself be transported back to a time of knights, fortresses, and medieval intrigue.