Old City Hall

Step back in time and immerse yourself in the rich history of Mobile, Alabama, as you explore the Old City Hall, also known as the Southern Market. This historic complex, built between 1855 and 1857, stands as a testament to the city's vibrant past and architectural grandeur. A National Historic Landmark since 1973, the Old City Hall is a rare and well-preserved example of a 19th-century multifunction civic and commercial building.

The History of Old City Hall

The story of Old City Hall begins in 1854 when the city of Mobile planned to create a principal marketplace for selling vegetables, meat, and fish. However, in February 1855, the city decided to expand the building's purpose to include municipal offices. The initial construction, led by architect Thomas Simmons James, was funded by $44,000 in municipal bonds approved on June 1, 1855. Tragedy struck on December 27, 1855, when the existing city hall on Conti and Jackson Street burned down. This event accelerated the construction of the new building, with an additional $40,000 approved in May 1856 to complete and expand the structure. By April 20, 1857, the Old City Hall was completed, serving as both a marketplace and a hub for municipal offices.

The building underwent significant alterations in 1910 under the direction of architect William L. Denham. A new council chamber was added above a new second-floor bridge connecting the front and back of the central sections. The original open passageway between the two central sections was enclosed to create an entrance lobby, and the stairway was reoriented to the east wall of the lobby. Further modifications were made in the mid-1930s by architect Frederick W. Clarke, who infilled some of the formerly open spaces with interior rooms. During this time, murals by John Walker depicting scenes from Mobile's history were also added.

The Old City Hall faced its share of challenges, including damage from Hurricane Frederic in 1979, which forced tenants to vacate the building. However, it was later restored and continues to stand as a symbol of Mobile's resilience and historical significance.

Exploring the Architecture

The Old City Hall is a stunning example of Italianate architecture, characterized by its stucco over brick construction with wood trim and brackets. The complex comprises four rectangular sections connected by three arcaded passageways, creating a harmonious and visually appealing structure. The building spans 244 feet on Royal Street, 275 feet on Church Street, and 213 feet on Water Street.

The two central sections form a U-shaped mass, with two floors on Royal Street and one floor on Water Street. A central octagonal cupola crowns this section, adding to its architectural charm. The two annex wings, though also two floors in elevation, are of lesser height than the central sections. The south wing annex, facing Church Street, once housed stalls and shops for the market but has since been enclosed. The north wing annex, shorter in length, is attached to the neighboring Gulf Coast Exploreum.

The History Museum of Mobile

In 1997, the Old City Hall underwent renovations to house the History Museum of Mobile. An addition was added to the back of the building in 2000 to accommodate the museum's permanent exhibits and staff offices. The museum faced a brief closure for repairs following flood damage from Hurricane Katrina in 2005 but has since reopened to the public.

The History Museum of Mobile offers a fascinating journey through 300 years of the city's history. The exhibits cover two large floors and include a six-month-long featured exhibit, special collections exhibits that rotate periodically, and several permanent exhibits. Among the permanent exhibits are the Old Ways New Days exhibit, which explores Mobile's history from colonization to the present, and the Walls and Halls exhibit, featuring furniture, antique silver, artwork, and other artifacts.

A Visit to Remember

A visit to the Old City Hall and the History Museum of Mobile is a journey through time, offering a glimpse into the city's rich past and architectural beauty. The building's Italianate design, historical significance, and the captivating exhibits within the museum make it a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts and casual tourists alike.

As you stroll through the arcaded passageways and explore the various sections of the building, you'll be transported back to a time when the Old City Hall served as the bustling heart of Mobile, a place where commerce and civic duties intertwined. The murals, historical artifacts, and architectural details all tell the story of a city that has weathered the storms of time and emerged with its heritage intact.

In conclusion, the Old City Hall in Mobile, Alabama, is not just a building; it's a living monument to the city's history and resilience. Whether you're a history buff, an architecture enthusiast, or simply looking for a unique and enriching experience, a visit to this historic complex will leave you with a deeper appreciation for Mobile's past and a sense of wonder at its enduring legacy.