Capitol

The Capitol in Offenbach am Main, nestled in the heart of Hessen, Germany, is a remarkable testament to the city’s rich cultural history and architectural grandeur. Originally constructed as a synagogue between 1913 and 1916, this building has transformed over the decades into a vibrant cultural and event center, capturing the essence of Offenbach's dynamic spirit.

Architectural Marvel

The Capitol is a stunning example of neoclassical architecture, characterized by its three-part structure and a central dome that soars 30 meters into the sky. The building was designed by the renowned Offenbach architect Fritz Schwarz, who, along with Karl Wagner and Richard Throll, brought this vision to life. The construction was a significant undertaking, with costs estimated at 500,000 marks at the time, a considerable sum that reflects the building's ambitious design and scale.

The central dome, made from reinforced concrete, was particularly innovative for its time and remains a striking feature of the Capitol. Inside, the main hall originally provided seating for approximately 775 people, making it a significant venue for the Jewish community’s religious and cultural gatherings.

A Place of Worship and Culture

When it was inaugurated on April 16, 1916, the Capitol served as a synagogue, complete with all the facilities needed for a Jewish community center. The synagogue was not only a place of worship but also a cultural hub where concerts and theatrical performances were held. The interior was beautifully adorned, with a rotunda featuring a frieze of acanthus leaves at 18 meters high, topped by a dome decorated in yellow and gold with star motifs.

One of the most remarkable features of the synagogue was its organ, the largest in Offenbach at the time, built by the Walcker company. This organ, with 35 registers on three manuals and a pedal, was a marvel of its time, incorporating modern pneumatic technology and a uniquely designed console.

Transformation Through Turbulent Times

The Capitol's history took a dramatic turn during the infamous Kristallnacht on November 9-10, 1938, when the synagogue was desecrated, and its interior was set ablaze. However, the building's structural integrity and potential for future use spared it from demolition. In 1940, the city of Offenbach sold the building to Lina and Georg Ruttmann, who transformed it into a cinema, known as the National-Theater.

Under the guidance of architect Carl Müller, the former synagogue was converted into a premier cinema with 940 seats. A round intermediate ceiling was added, and the original dome, though damaged, was preserved. The cinema also featured a unique color organ, which could illuminate the pipes in different colors, adding a visual spectacle to the musical performances.

A New Era as a Cultural Venue

After World War II, the Capitol continued to evolve. It was managed by the Jewish Restitution Successor Organization (JRSO) and later acquired by the city of Offenbach in 1954. The building's use as a cinema continued until the late 20th century, after which it underwent another transformation into a modern cultural and event center.

Today, the Capitol is a vibrant venue hosting a wide range of events, from concerts and theater performances to conferences and private functions. Its historical significance and architectural beauty make it a unique and cherished landmark in Offenbach. The Capitol stands as a symbol of resilience and adaptability, reflecting the city's ability to honor its past while embracing the future.

Visiting the Capitol

Visitors to the Capitol can immerse themselves in its rich history and enjoy the diverse range of events it hosts. The building's neoclassical façade and grand dome are a sight to behold, and the interior spaces, with their blend of historical and modern elements, provide a unique atmosphere for any occasion.

Whether you're attending a concert, a theatrical performance, or a cultural event, the Capitol offers an unforgettable experience. Its central location in Offenbach makes it easily accessible, and the surrounding area boasts a variety of dining and entertainment options, allowing visitors to make the most of their visit.

In conclusion, the Capitol in Offenbach am Main is more than just a building; it is a living piece of history that continues to play a vital role in the cultural life of the city. Its journey from a synagogue to a cinema, and now a cultural center, is a testament to Offenbach's rich heritage and vibrant future. A visit to the Capitol is not only an opportunity to enjoy world-class events but also to connect with the enduring spirit of this remarkable city.