Palace of Tau

The Palace of Tau, or Palais du Tau in French, is a magnificent historical edifice located in Reims, France. This architectural gem, adjacent to the famed Notre-Dame de Reims Cathedral, has served as a residence for the archbishops of Reims and as a royal abode during the coronation ceremonies of French kings. Its rich history, stunning architecture, and cultural significance make it a must-visit destination for anyone exploring the Champagne region.

The History of the Palace of Tau

The history of the Palace of Tau stretches back to the 5th century when the site was first occupied by a Gallo-Roman villa. Over the centuries, it underwent numerous expansions and reconstructions, reflecting the changing architectural styles and needs of its inhabitants. The palace derives its name from its T-shaped floor plan, resembling the Greek letter Tau.

The palace's significance grew in the early Middle Ages when Bishop Nicaise established a church dedicated to Notre-Dame on the site. This church became the location of the baptism of Clovis, the first King of the Franks, by Saint Remi around the year 500. From 816 to 1825, the Palace of Tau played a pivotal role in the coronation ceremonies of French kings. It served as their residence during the festivities, and the grand Tau Hall hosted the royal banquet following the coronation ceremony.

Throughout the centuries, the palace underwent several significant transformations. In the 9th century, Archbishop Ebbon expanded the residence, and by the 12th century, it had taken on a fortress-like appearance with crenellated walls and defensive towers. The 13th century saw the addition of a Gothic-style palatine chapel by Jean d'Orbais, further enhancing the palace's grandeur.

Architectural Evolution

The Palace of Tau's architectural evolution continued into the late 15th century when Guillaume Briçonnet, the archbishop of Reims, undertook extensive renovations in the Flamboyant Gothic style. His successor, Robert de Lénoncourt, completed the work, adding intricate details and embellishments to the palace.

In the late 17th century, under the direction of the renowned architect Robert de Cotte, the palace underwent another major transformation. The building acquired its classical appearance, with the removal of defensive features and the addition of elegant pavilions and gardens. The grand Tau Hall was also modified, losing its T-shaped layout but retaining its grandeur.

During the French Revolution, the palace was repurposed as a tribunal and later as a commercial exchange. It suffered significant damage during World War I when a fire, caused by bombardments on the nearby cathedral, ravaged the building in 1914. Restoration efforts began in the 1950s, and by 1972, the Palace of Tau was reopened as a museum dedicated to the history of the Reims Cathedral and the coronation of French kings.

Exploring the Palace of Tau

Today, visitors to the Palace of Tau can explore its rich history and architectural splendor. The museum houses an impressive collection of artifacts, including sculptures, tapestries, and treasures from the Reims Cathedral. The grand Tau Hall, with its majestic fireplace adorned with the arms of Guillaume Briçonnet, offers a glimpse into the opulent banquets that once took place here.

The lower chapel, dating back to the 13th century, features a stunning tympanum depicting the Virgin and Child. This chapel serves as a repository for elements from the cathedral, including fragments of the 15th-century jubé (choir screen) that was destroyed in 1744.

The lower hall, located beneath the Tau Hall, retains its medieval charm with its vaulted ceilings and intricate architectural details. Excavations in this hall have uncovered remnants of the original Gallo-Roman villa, adding another layer of historical intrigue to the palace.

The Coronation Treasures

One of the highlights of a visit to the Palace of Tau is the display of coronation treasures. These include the Sainte Ampoule, a vial of holy oil used in the anointing of French kings, and the coronation regalia, including crowns, scepters, and orbs. These precious artifacts provide a fascinating insight into the grandeur and ceremony of French royal coronations.

Temporary Exhibitions and Events

In addition to its permanent exhibits, the Palace of Tau hosts temporary exhibitions, cultural events, and performances. These events offer visitors a chance to engage with the rich cultural heritage of Reims and the Champagne region in a dynamic and interactive way.

In conclusion, the Palace of Tau is not just a historical monument; it is a testament to the rich cultural and architectural heritage of Reims. Its walls echo with the stories of centuries of French history, from the baptism of Clovis to the coronation of kings. A visit to this remarkable palace is a journey through time, offering a unique and unforgettable experience for history enthusiasts and casual visitors alike.