Cathedral of Saint Paul, National Shrine of the Apostle Paul

Perched majestically on Cathedral Hill overlooking downtown Saint Paul, Minnesota, the Cathedral of Saint Paul stands as a beacon of faith, history, and architectural splendor. This Roman Catholic cathedral is not only a co-cathedral of the Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis but also a national shrine dedicated to the Apostle Paul. With its distinctive copper-clad dome and grandiose structure, the Cathedral of Saint Paul is an unmissable landmark that draws visitors from all around the world.

A Historical Journey

The origins of the Cathedral of Saint Paul date back to the early days of the settlement that would become the city of Saint Paul. The first church was a humble log chapel, built in 1841 under the guidance of Father Lucien Galtier. This modest structure marked the beginning of a journey that saw the growth of the Catholic community in the area. As the population grew, so did the need for a larger place of worship. The second cathedral, a three-story building, was constructed to accommodate the burgeoning congregation. However, it wasn't long before it too became insufficient.

The third cathedral, built of stone and completed in 1858, was a significant upgrade but still lacked the grandeur and space needed for the diocese. It was Archbishop John Ireland who envisioned the current cathedral, a vision that came to life with the help of generous local businessmen and the renowned French Beaux-Arts architect Emmanuel Louis Masqueray. Construction of the present cathedral began in 1906 and was completed in 1915, marking the beginning of a new era for the Catholic community in Saint Paul.

Architectural Marvel

The Cathedral of Saint Paul is a masterpiece of Beaux-Arts architecture, inspired by the great cathedrals of France. Its design allows for unobstructed views of the altar and pulpit, creating a sense of openness and grandeur. The exterior walls are made of Rockville granite from St. Cloud, Minnesota, while the interior boasts American Travertine from Mankato, Minnesota. The interior columns are crafted from various types of marble, adding to the cathedral's elegance and splendor.

The dome, a striking feature of the cathedral, measures 76 feet in diameter and rises to a height of 186 feet. Adorned with warm-colored paint and gold leaf, the dome underwent a major renovation in the 1950s, enhancing its beauty and prominence. The cathedral's stained glass windows, designed by Charles Connick, illuminate the interior with a heavenly glow, depicting angelic choirs and adding to the spiritual ambiance.

Chapels and Statues

Within the cathedral, visitors will find six chapels dedicated to the patron saints of the European ethnic groups that settled in the area. These include St. Anthony for the Italians, St. John the Baptist for the French Canadians, St. Patrick for the Irish, St. Boniface for the Germans, Saints Cyril and Methodius for the Slavs, and St. Therese of Lisieux for the missionaries. Each chapel is a testament to the diverse heritage of the community and offers a place for quiet reflection and prayer.

The cathedral also houses heroic-sized marble statues of the four evangelists, sculpted by John Angel. These statues, each standing 11 feet 6 inches tall and weighing eight tons, are strategically placed in the niches of the piers, symbolizing the foundational role of the evangelists in the Christian faith. The life of Saint Paul is honored through a bronze baldachin, as well as massive bronze Te Deum and Magnificat grilles, adding to the cathedral's rich artistic heritage.

The Bells and Organ

In 1987, the cathedral acquired five bronze bells cast in France, adding a melodious dimension to its presence. The bells, each with a unique tone, call the faithful to worship and mark significant moments in the liturgical calendar. The cathedral's Æolian-Skinner organ, restored in 2013, is housed in a new organ case designed by architect Duncan G Stroik. This hand-carved walnut case preserves the view of the cathedral's rose window and is adorned with human-sized carved angels and a statue of Saint Cecilia, the patron saint of music.

A National Shrine

In 2009, the Cathedral of Saint Paul was designated as the National Shrine of the Apostle Paul by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, making it the first national shrine in Minnesota and the only one in North America dedicated to the Apostle Paul. This designation recognizes the cathedral's significance as a place of pilgrimage and spiritual renewal.

Visiting the Cathedral

The Cathedral of Saint Paul is open daily from 7 a.m. to 6 p.m., welcoming visitors from near and far. Whether you are a history buff, an architecture enthusiast, or a spiritual seeker, the cathedral offers a rich and rewarding experience. From its awe-inspiring dome to its intricate stained glass windows, every corner of the cathedral tells a story of faith, resilience, and community.

In conclusion, the Cathedral of Saint Paul is not just a place of worship; it is a symbol of the enduring spirit of the Catholic community in Saint Paul. Its majestic architecture, rich history, and spiritual significance make it a must-visit destination for anyone exploring the city. As you step inside this magnificent edifice, you are not just entering a building; you are stepping into a sacred space that has been a cornerstone of faith and community for over a century.