Stadtpfarrkirche

In the heart of Wels, Austria, stands the magnificent Stadtpfarrkirche, a testament to centuries of history, architectural evolution, and religious devotion. Officially known as Stadtpfarrkirche Wels, this church is dedicated to the Evangelist John and is celebrated for its rich historical tapestry and stunning architectural features. As one of the oldest churches in Upper Austria, the Stadtpfarrkirche is a captivating destination for history buffs, architecture enthusiasts, and spiritual seekers alike.

The Historical Journey of Stadtpfarrkirche

The origins of the Stadtpfarrkirche date back to April 13, 888, when it was first mentioned in a document by King Arnulf. Initially, it was a modest chapel, forming the core of a bequest to the chaplain Zazco. Over the centuries, the church came under the ownership of the Kremsmünster Abbey. In the 13th century, the original chapel was replaced by a Romanesque basilica, which itself was transformed into a Gothic three-aisled church in the 14th century. Remarkably, elements of the Romanesque structure still remain, including the cross vaults that add to the church's historic charm.

The West Tower of the Stadtpfarrkirche, initially Romanesque in its lower sections, was significantly altered in the early 18th century. Under the direction of Mayor Johann Paumgartner and architect Johann Michael Prunner, the tower was heightened and topped with a distinctive onion dome. This renovation, documented meticulously through historical records, also included the installation of a new clock and five bells, crafted by the Linz-based bell founder Silvius Creuz.

The Architectural Splendor

As you approach the Stadtpfarrkirche, you are greeted by the Baroque-styled West Portal, adorned with three stone statues of Saints Sebastian, Michael, and Rochus. These statues are believed to be the work of the Linz sculptor Michael Herstorfer. The church's interior, however, reveals the remnants of its Romanesque past, providing a fascinating juxtaposition of architectural styles.

The 19th century saw the church undergo significant renovations to mark its millennial anniversary. During this period, the church was partially redesigned in a Neo-Gothic style, which is still visible on the facade of the nave. Further restorations in 1958 aimed to restore parts of the church to their original state, including the main nave's paintings and the repair of the organ and side aisle ribs.

Inside the Stadtpfarrkirche

Stepping inside the Stadtpfarrkirche, visitors are immediately struck by the grandeur of the Neo-Gothic altars and the pulpit, crafted by Michael Stolz in 1856. The church is adorned with numerous stained glass windows, with the three magnificent stained glass windows in the presbytery being particularly noteworthy. These windows fill the space with vibrant light, creating an atmosphere of reverence and awe.

The four-bay nave is characterized by six partially Romanesque pillars that rise to pointed arches, opening the view to the side aisles. Slender half-columns rest on faceted consoles and extend towards the vault, merging with the ribs of the simple Gothic cross-ribbed vault. The keystones of the ribs are highlighted by simple boss stones, adding to the architectural elegance of the space.

The Baptismal Chapel and Crypt

In the west of the northern aisle lies the Baptismal Chapel, redesigned in the 1950s. It features a Lourdes grotto with a depiction of Mary, integrated into the former portal leading to the tower. The chapel's mosaic, created by Hans Babuder, depicts Christ triumphant on the cross, with symbols of Mary and the papacy. The chapel's stained glass window, crafted by the Tyrolean Glass Workshop in 1956, illustrates the baptism of Jesus in the Jordan River.

Below the Baptismal Chapel, visitors can explore the crypt, which once housed multiple burial vaults now mostly filled in. The remaining crypt, measuring 8 meters in length and 4.6 meters in width, features a flat arch with a height of 2.35 meters. Inside, visitors can find several inscriptions and the year 1692, offering a glimpse into the church's storied past.

Exploring the Church Grounds

In medieval times, the Stadtpfarrkirche was surrounded by a cemetery, which was relocated in 1559 to what is now the market area. By 1886, the current cemetery was established. Several epitaphs from these former cemeteries are now displayed on the church's exterior walls, adding to the historical ambiance of the site.

The Bells of Stadtpfarrkirche

The Stadtpfarrkirche is also renowned for its bells, with the largest bell dedicated to the Evangelist John, dating back to 1731. While the original four bells crafted by Silvius Creuz were requisitioned during World War I, the church continues to resonate with its historical and spiritual significance.

Today, the Stadtpfarrkirche stands not only as the main Roman Catholic church of Wels but also as a symbol of the city's rich cultural and religious heritage. Alongside the Herz Jesu-Kirche, it remains one of the largest and most significant places of worship in Wels, inviting visitors to explore its captivating history and architectural beauty.