In the heart of the charming Hanseatic city of Wismar, nestled within the bustling marketplace, stands a true architectural gem: the Wasserkunst Wismar. This exquisite structure, a testament to the artistry of the Dutch Renaissance, is not only a functional relic of the past but also a defining symbol of Wismar's rich heritage. Its elegant design and historical significance make it a must-see for anyone visiting this picturesque corner of Germany.
The origins of the Wasserkunst Wismar date back to the late 16th century, a time when the city was rapidly expanding and the need for a reliable water supply became increasingly urgent. Initially, small wells sufficed for the city's needs, but as Wismar grew, so did its thirst. By 1563, a waterworks system was established, drawing water from the Mühlenteich. However, the system needed an upgrade, and thus the idea for a grander waterworks was born.
Enter Philipp Brandin, a master builder from Utrecht, who took on the challenge in 1579. His vision was to create a stone masterpiece that would not only serve a practical purpose but also adorn the city with its beauty. The project faced numerous delays and financial disputes, and it wasn't until 1602 that the Wasserkunst was finally completed under the guidance of Lübeck master Heinrich Dammert, following Brandin's death in 1594.
The Wasserkunst Wismar is a striking 12-sided structure crafted with meticulous stonework, crowned by a copper dome and a six-sided lantern. Its design reflects the elegance and sophistication of the Dutch Renaissance, with intricate details that captivate the eye. The limestone corners and the copper roof add to its majestic appearance, making it a focal point of the marketplace.
Originally, the Wasserkunst served as a crucial component of Wismar's water supply system, distributing fresh water to over 220 houses and 16 public fountains through a network of wooden pipes. The water was sourced from the Metelsdorfer springs and collected in a wooden basin before being transferred to the Wasserkunst on the market square.
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Beyond its practical use, the Wasserkunst is steeped in local lore. Two bronze figures, affectionately known as Nix and Nixe, once adorned the structure, acting as water conduits. However, these figures, dubbed Adam and Eve by the townsfolk, were removed due to their perceived immodesty. Today, they reside in the city museum, adding a touch of whimsy to the Wasserkunst's storied past.
Over the centuries, the Wasserkunst has undergone several restorations to preserve its structural integrity and artistic value. In 1861, a significant reconstruction was undertaken by Heinrich Thormann, who expanded the base and replaced the wooden piping with cast iron. The structure's Latin inscriptions, detailing the history of Wismar's water supply, were translated and prominently displayed during this restoration.
Further restoration efforts took place from 1966 to 1976, supported by the Institute for Monument Preservation in Schwerin. The meticulous stonework was overseen by master sculptor Rolf Lange, ensuring that the Wasserkunst retained its historical charm. The most recent refurbishment occurred in 1998, during which replicas of the iconic Nix and Nixe were reintroduced, much to the delight of locals and visitors alike.
Today, the Wasserkunst Wismar stands as a proud symbol of the city's resilience and ingenuity. It represents a time when the city's leaders dared to dream big, investing in infrastructure that would support Wismar's growth and prosperity. Its presence on the market square serves as a reminder of the city's storied past and its enduring commitment to preserving history.
As you stroll through the vibrant marketplace, taking in the sights and sounds of Wismar, the Wasserkunst beckons with its timeless allure. Whether you're a history enthusiast, an architecture aficionado, or simply a curious traveler, this remarkable structure offers a glimpse into the past and a testament to the enduring spirit of Wismar. Don't miss the chance to explore this captivating piece of history, a true jewel in the crown of this enchanting Hanseatic city.
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