Monumento ai caduti

In the heart of Pozzuoli, near the historic Porta Napoli, stands the Monumento ai Caduti, a striking tribute to the 202 soldiers from Pozzuoli who lost their lives during World War I. This monument, which also serves as a commemorative fountain, is not just a reminder of the past but a testament to the enduring spirit of a community that honors its history and heroes.

The History of the Monumento ai Caduti

The journey to the monument's completion was fraught with challenges and controversies. Initially commissioned in 1923, the project faced criticism for its cost and lack of a public competition. The original design by sculptor Filippo Cifariello was deemed inappropriate by the Fascist regime, leading to a new competition in 1928, restricted to artists from the Province of Naples. Ultimately, the commission went to Vincenzo Puchetti, a talented artist trained at the Royal Institute of Fine Arts in Naples. His design was inaugurated on June 28, 1931, in a ceremony graced by the presence of Duchess Elena d'Aosta and politician Nicola Sansanelli.

Exploring the Monument

The monument is constructed on a trachytic stone base sourced from the nearby Solfatara, with the central structure made of Bisceglie stone. The original epigraph, crafted by Alessandro Criscuolo, is a poignant reminder of sacrifice and valor. Although it collapsed during the seismic upheavals of 1983, it was restored and reinstated in 1984, maintaining its solemn message to future generations.

Symbolism is rife throughout the monument’s design, with two eagles perched atop the structure, holding shields that depict the seven roosters of Pozzuoli's emblem and the Fascist symbol of the fasces. The sides of the pillars bear the names of the fallen soldiers and the dates marking the beginning and end of World War I, ensuring that their sacrifices are never forgotten.

The Fountain and Its Symbolism

The monument's fountain is an integral part of its design, featuring two semi-reclining male figures. These figures are not mere decorations but powerful symbols of Italy's wartime experiences. The figure on the left, with its head bowed and eyes closed, represents the River Isonzo and the defeat at Caporetto. In contrast, the figure on the right, with its contemplative expression, raised head, and clenched fist, symbolizes the River Piave and the eventual victory.

A Living Memorial

In 2021, the monument played a central role in commemorating the centenary of the Unknown Soldier. The event, part of the initiative E se fosse tuo padre, tuo nonno o il tuo bisnonno? (What if it were your father, grandfather, or great-grandfather?), sought to connect with the families of the fallen soldiers whose names are inscribed on the monument. This research unearthed a poignant connection to the well-known Italian actor Carlo Verdone, whose grandfather's name was among those honored.

Visiting the Monument

For visitors to Pozzuoli, the Monumento ai Caduti offers a profound connection to the past. Its location near the bustling streets of the city provides a serene space for reflection amidst the vibrant life of modern Pozzuoli. The monument stands not only as a work of art but as a symbol of collective memory and resilience, inviting visitors to pause and remember the sacrifices made for peace and freedom.

The Monumento ai Caduti is more than a historical artifact; it is a living testament to the enduring spirit of Pozzuoli and its people. As you stand before it, you are not just witnessing a piece of history but engaging with a legacy of courage and remembrance that continues to inspire and unite.